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Chichagof Island

Chichagof Island

Chichagof Island is an island in the Alexander Archipelago of the Alaska Panhandle, . It is 5,398 km² (2,080 sq. miles) in area. It is 120 km (75 miles) long and 80 km (50 miles) wide. Chichagof Island is north of Baranof Island. It is bounded by Chatham Strait to the east, Icy Strait to the northeast, Cross Sound to the northwest, the Gulf of Alaska to the west and Peril Strait to the south. The communities of Hoonah, Pelican, Tenakee Springs, and Elfin Cove are all located on Chichagof Island. The primary economic sources for all these communities come from either Chichagof Island or the waters and fjords surrounding it. Guided hunting trips, fishing, and logging are all vital economic facets of the local economies. This island is named after Admiral Vasili Chichagov, a Russian Arctic explorer. Category:Islands of Alaska

Alaska Panhandle

The Alaska Panhandle is the coast of the American state of Alaska, just west of the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains. The Panhandle includes the Tongass National Forest, Glacier Bay National Park, Admiralty Island National Monument, Alaska's Inside Passage, and myriad large and small islands. The largest islands are, from North to South, Chichagof Island, Admiralty Island, Baranof Island, and Prince of Wales Island. Major bodies of water of the Alaska Panhandle include Glacier Bay, Lynn Canal, Icy Strait, Chatham Strait, Stevens Passage, Fredrick Sound, Summer Strait, and Clarence Strait. Wildlife includes brown bears, black bears, wolves, Sitka deer, humpback whales, orcas, five species of salmon, bald eagles, harlequin ducks, scoters, and marbled murrelets. Major cities are Juneau, Sitka, and Ketchikan. Other towns are Petersburg, Wrangell, Metlakatla, Haines, Hoonah, Angoon, Kake, Craig, Klawock, Yakutat, Skagway, and Gustavus. There are also many tiny (ie, less than 100 people) towns and villages, such as Pelican, Tenakee Springs, Port Protection, Port Frederick, Port Alexander, Baranof Warm Springs, Elfin Cove, Excursion Inlet, Hyder, and Meyers Chuck. This area is the traditional homeland of the Tlingit people. On August 20, 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt established the Alexander Archipelago Forest Reserve, which formed the heart of the Tongass National Forest that covers most of the region. Category:Geography of Alaska

Baranof Island

Baranof Island, also sometimes called Baranov Island or Sitka Island, is an island in the Alexander Archipelago in the Alaska Panhandle, in Alaska. It was called Sheet’-ká X'áat'l (often expressed simply as "Shee") by the native Tlingit Clan. The Island is 1,607 square miles (4,162 square kilometers) in size, measuring some 100 miles (160 kilometers) long and 30 miles (48 kilometers) wide, approximately the size of the State of Delaware. Baranof Island is the 8th largest island in Alaska, the 9th largest island in the United States (excluding Puerto Rico), and the 135th largest island in the world. Its center is near . The Island's largest town is Sitka. The towns of Baranof Warm Springs, Port Alexander, Port Armstrong, and Port Walter are also located on the eastern side of the island. Goddard, a now-abandoned settlement about 16 miles south of Sitka, features a few private homes and hot springs with two public bathhouses. There are also two year-round salmon hatcheries, one located just north of Baranof Warm Springs at Hidden Falls, the other just south of Sitka near Medvejie Lake. The latter is accessible by private road from Sitka. All of these communities are under the jurisdiction of the City and Borough of Sitka, of which, Sitka serves as the borough seat. Fishing, seafood processing, and tourism are important industries on the Island, which is also famous for brown bears and Sitka deer. The first European settlement on island was established in 1799 by Alexandr Baranov, Chief Manager and first Governor of the Russian-American Company, for whom the Island and Archipelago are named. Baranof Island was the center of Russian activity in North America during the period from 1804–1867 and was the headquarters of the Russian fur-trading interest. Around 1900, Baranof Island was subject to many small-scale mining ventures, especially centered around Sitka and on the north side of the Island around Rodman Bay. Canneries, whaling stations, and fox farms sprung up on all sides of the Island, though most had been abandoned by the outbreak of World War Two. The remains of these outposts are still evident, though most exist in a dilapidated condition.

External links

- [http://www.sitkatribe.org/placenames/home.html Tlingit Geographical Place Names for the Sheet’Ka Kwaan — Sitka Tribe of Alaska], an interactive map of Sitka Area native place names. Category:Islands of Alaska

Chatham Strait

The Chatham Strait is a narrow passage of the Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska. It separates Chichagof Island and Baranof Island to its west from Admiralty Island and Kuiu Island on its east. It is 240 km (150 miles) long and extends southward from the junction of Icy Strait and Lynn Canal to the open sea. The strait is deep. It is 5-16 km (3–10 miles) wide. Category:Geography of Alaska Category:Straits ja:チャタム海峡

Icy Strait

The Icy Strait is a strait in the Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska, at about . The strait separates Chichagof Island to the south and the Alaska mainland, to the north. The strait is 64 km (40 miles) from its west side at the intersection of the Chatham Strait and Glacier Bay to it east side at Cross Sound and the Lynn Canal. Category:Geography of Alaska Category:Straits

Cross Sound

The Cross Sound is a passage in the Alexander Archipelago in southeast Alaska between Chichagof Island, to its south and a peninsula of the Alaska mainland, to its north. It is 48 km (30 miles) long and extends from the Gulf of Alaska to Icy Strait. Category:Geography of Alaska

Gulf of Alaska

The Gulf of Alaska is an arm of the Pacific Ocean defined by the curve of the southern coast of Alaska, stretching from the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island in the west to the Alexander Archipelago in the east, where Glacier Bay and the Inside Passage are to be found. The entire shoreline of the Gulf is a rugged combination of forest, mountain, and a number of tidewater glaciers. The coast is also heavily indented, with Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound the two largest connected bodies of water, but also including Yakutat Bay and Cross Sound. Meteorologically, the Gulf is a great generator of storms. In addition to dumping vast quantities of snow and ice on southern Alaska, resulting in some of the largest concentrations south of the Arctic Circle, many of the storms move south along the west coast of Canada and the United States, sometimes reaching as far as Mexico. Much of the seasonal rainfall in Washington, Oregon, and especially California comes from the Gulf of Alaska. Category:Geography of Alaska Alaska

Peril Strait

Peril Strait is a strait in the Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska at 57° N 135° W. It is between Chichagof Island to its north and Baranof Island to its south. The strait is 80 km (50 miles) long and reaches from Salisbury Sound on the east to the Chatham Strait on the west. As the strait does run between two large bodies of water (the aformentioned Chatham Strait and Salisbury Sound/Pacific Ocean), the tidal currents pose a danger to large vessels navigating the body of water. This is demonstrated by the Alaska Marine Highway System only running their mainline vessels through Peril Strait at slack tide. On May 10, 2004, the AMHS vessel M/V LeConte grounded on Cozian Reef in Peril Strait. No major injuries were sustained and after an extensive salvage process, the LeConte was escorted to Ketchikan, Alaska for successful repairs. The cause of grounding was due to operator error not tidal currents. Category:Straits

Hoonah, Alaska

Hoonah is a city located in Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 860.

Geography

2000 Hoonah is located at 58°6'34" North, 135°26'11" West (58.109435, -135.436349). Hoonah is a Tlingit community on the north shore of Chichagof Island, on the Icy Strait. The port at Hoonah is called Port Frederick. Hoonah means "village by the cliff." Hoonah is the principal village for the Huna, a Tlingit group which has lived in the Glacier Bay and Icy Strait area since prehistoric times. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 22.5 km² (8.7 mi²). 17.1 km² (6.6 mi²) of it is land and 5.4 km² (2.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 24.05% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 860 people, 300 households, and 215 families residing in the city. The population density is 50.2/km² (130.2/mi²). There are 348 housing units at an average density of 20.3/km² (52.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 28.72% White, 0.23% Black or African American, 60.58% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.81% from other races, and 9.53% from two or more races. 3.60% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 300 households out of which 33.7% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% are married couples living together, 12.3% have a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% are non-families. 22.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 5.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.83 and the average family size is 3.34. In the city the population is spread out with 29.2% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females there are 112.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 115.2 males. The median income for a household in the city is $39,028, and the median income for a family is $45,125. Males have a median income of $37,083 versus $23,958 for females. The per capita income for the city is $16,097. 16.6% of the population and 14.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 14.1% of those under the age of 18 and 10.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

History

Legend tells of an original home of the Huna in Glacier Bay that was destroyed by a glacial advance, at which time many Huna moved to the location of present-day Hoonah. A partial timeline of modern Hoonah history is below: 1880 - The Northwest Trading Company built the first store in Hoonah. 1881 - The Presbyterian Home Mission and school was built. 1887 - 450 to 500 people were wintering in the village. 1901 - Hoonah post office was opened. 1912 - The Hoonah Packing Co. built a large cannery north of town. The Thompson Fish Company still operates the cannery today as Hoonah Cold Storage. 1944 - A fire destroyed much of the Hoonah and many priceless Tlingit cultural objects. The United States federal government assisted in rebuilding Hoonah.

External links

Category:Cities in Alaska Category:Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska

Pelican, Alaska

Pelican is a city located in Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 163.

Geography

2000 Pelican is located at 57°57'30" North, 136°13'27" West (57.958431, -136.224069). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.8 km² (0.7 mi²). 1.5 km² (0.6 mi²) of it is land and 0.3 km² (0.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 17.14% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 163 people, 70 households, and 41 families residing in the city. The population density is 108.5/km² (280.5/mi²). There are 94 housing units at an average density of 62.6/km² (161.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 72.39% White, 0.00% Black or African American, 21.47% Native American, 1.23% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.61% from other races, and 4.29% from two or more races. 0.61% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 70 households out of which 30.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.4% are married couples living together, 5.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 41.4% are non-families. 28.6% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 2.78. In the city the population is spread out with 24.5% under the age of 18, 3.1% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 34.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 42 years. For every 100 females there are 143.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 146.0 males. The median income for a household in the city is $48,750, and the median income for a family is $57,083. Males have a median income of $50,500 versus $3,750 for females. The per capita income for the city is $29,347. 4.7% of the population and 0.0% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 0.0% of those under the age of 18 and 0.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

External links

Category:Cities in Alaska Category:Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska

Tenakee Springs, Alaska

Tenakee Springs is a city located in Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 104.

Geography

2000 Tenakee Springs is located at 57°46'41" North, 135°13'11" West (57.778095, -135.219618). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 49.5 km² (19.1 mi²). 35.7 km² (13.8 mi²) of it is land and 13.8 km² (5.3 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 27.84% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 104 people, 59 households, and 28 families residing in the city. The population density is 2.9/km² (7.5/mi²). There are 144 housing units at an average density of 4.0/km² (10.4/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 87.50% White, 0.00% Black or African American, 2.88% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 0.96% Pacific Islander, 1.92% from other races, and 5.77% from two or more races. 2.88% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 59 households out of which 16.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.0% are married couples living together, 5.1% have a female householder with no husband present, and 52.5% are non-families. 47.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 13.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 1.76 and the average family size is 2.46. In the city the population is spread out with 13.5% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 42.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 47 years. For every 100 females there are 121.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 109.3 males. The median income for a household in the city is $33,125, and the median income for a family is $41,250. Males have a median income of $38,125 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,482. 11.8% of the population and 9.1% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 10.0% of those under the age of 18 and 33.3% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

External links

Category:Cities in Alaska Category:Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska

Elfin Cove, Alaska

Elfin Cove is a census-designated place located in Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska. As of the 2000 census, the population of the CDP is 32.

Geography

2000 Elfin Cove is located at 58°11'56" North, 136°21'19" West (58.198786, -136.355358). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 28.1 km² (10.8 mi²). 27.7 km² (10.7 mi²) of it is land and 0.4 km² (0.2 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.38% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 32 people, 15 households, and 9 families residing in the CDP. The population density is 1.2/km² (3.0/mi²). There are 35 housing units at an average density of 1.3/km² (3.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the CDP is 93.75% White, 0.00% Black or African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 3.12% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 3.12% from two or more races. 0.00% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 15 households out of which 20.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% are married couples living together, 0.0% have a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% are non-families. 26.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 6.7% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.13 and the average family size is 2.67. In the CDP the population is spread out with 15.6% under the age of 18, 3.1% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 37.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 48 years. For every 100 females there are 146.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 170.0 males. The median income for a household in the CDP is $33,750, and the median income for a family is $33,750. Males have a median income of $48,750 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the CDP is $15,089. 5.6% of the population and 0.0% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 0.0% of those under the age of 18 and 0.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

External links

Category:Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska Category:Census-designated places in Alaska

Vasili Chichagov

Vasili Yakovlevich Chichagov (1726-1809) was an admiral in the Russian Navy and an explorer. In 1764 the scientist Lomonosov organized an expedition to find the Northeast Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by sailing along the northern coast of Siberia. Chichagov commanded the expedition in 1765 - 1766 with three ships, the Chichagov, the Panov and the Babayev. The expedition failed to find the route. During the Russo-Swedish War in 1788-1790 he was a commander of the Baltic Fleet. He took part in battles near Åland, Revel (now Tallinn) and Vyborg. Islands of Novaya Zemlya Archipelago, an island in the Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska, the bay and cape of Nuka Hiva, in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia, and a mountain at Spitzbergen are named after Chichagov. His wife was British, and Chichagov spent the later years of his life in Great Britain. He was the father of Admiral Pavel Chichagov, a Russian admiral during the Napoleonic Wars. Chichagov, Vasily Chichagov, Vasily Chichagov, Vasily Chichagov, Vasily Chichagov, Vasily Chichagov, Vasily

Category:Islands of Alaska

Category:Geography of Alaska Alaska

Wilfrid

Wilfrid (auch Wilfrith) war eine Person der englischen Kirchengeschichte des 7. Jahrhunderts. Sein Leben stand unter dem Zeichen des Disputs zwischen keltischen und römischen Einflüssen in der englischen Kirche. Wilfrid wurde um 634 in Northumbria geboren. Im Alter von etwa 14 Jahren wurde er an den Hof von Oswiu, den König Northumbriens gesandt. Auf Fürsprache der Königin Eanfleda wurde er drei Jahre im Kloster Lindisfarne erzogen. In London und Canterbury kam er mit der römischen Tradition in Kontakt, die der keltischen Tradition entgegen stand. Dies betraf unter anderem die Berechnung des Osterdatums und die Mönchstonsur. 654 reiste Wilfrid nach Rom, wobei er auf der Hinreise ein Jahr in Lyon blieb und dort die Tonsur empfing. In Rom war Schüler des Bonifatius. Auf der Rückreise legte er wieder einen Aufenthalt in Lyon ein und blieb dieses Mal drei Jahre. Zurück in England empfing er um 661 das neugegründete Kloster in Ripon von Alchfrid, Oswius Sohn. Das Kloster wurde benediktinisch. Die keltischen Mönche, die zuvor in Ripon waren, zogen sich nach Norden zurück. Erst als er schon mehrere Jahre Abt in Ripon war, wurde er von Bischof Agilbert zum Priester geweiht. Im Disput zwischen römischen Praktiken und keltischen, die von schottischen Mönchen unterstützt wurden, setzte er sich für die römische Seite ein. Um diesen Zwist zu beenden wurde 664 die Synode von Whitby gehalten, die mit dem Sieg der römischen Seite endete, die von Wilfrid vertreten wurde. Wilfrid wurde daraufhin zum Bischof gewählt, an Stelle von bisher Colman, der die keltischen Einflüsse vertrat. Wilfrid schaffte die keltischen Bräuche zugunsten der römischen Liturgie ab. Da Wilfrid nicht von den keltischen Bischöfen geweiht werden wollte, ging er für diese Handlung nach Compiègne in Frankreich. Bei seiner Rückkehr 666 wurde er schiffbrüchig und konnte sich an die Küste von Sussex retten, wo er knapp den dortigen Bewohnern entkommen konnte, die ihm ans Leben wollten. Aufgrund seiner langen Abwesenheit war der Bischofssitz inzwischen von König Oswiu an Chad weitergegeben worden, worauf Wilfrid nach Mercia und Kent ging, und dort missionierte. Als Theodor, der Erzbischof von Canterbury, 669 Northumbrien besuchte, stellte er fest, dass Wilfrid der rechtmäßige Bischof sei, was zum Rücktritt von Caedda und zur Wiedereinsetzung Wilfrids führte. Wilfrid setzte wieder die römischen Regeln durch. Er gründete benediktinische Klöster, beispielsweise in Henlam und ließ das Münster in York komplett umbauen. Um 672 ließ er in Ripon eine der ersten Steinkirchen Englands errichten, auf deren Platz die jetzige Kathedrale steht. Das Wohlwollen von König Ecgfrid verlor Wilfrid, als er Königin Ethelreda dazu ermutigte, ihren Mann zu verlassen und in ein Kloster einzutreten. Zum Zerwürfnis mit Theodor, dem Erzbischof von Canterbury kam es, als um 678 Theodor die große Diözese Wilfrids in vier Teile teilte und drei ihm ergebene Leute als Bischöfe einsetzte, während Wilfrid den vierten Teil übernehmen sollte. Wilfrid wollte dies nicht anerkennen und reiste nach Rom, um die Sache vor den Papst zu bringen. Papst Agatho entschied zu Gunsten Wilfrieds und die Einsetzung der drei Bischöfe sollte rückgängig gemacht werden. Bei seiner Rückkehr erkannten aber weder Erzbischof Theodor noch König Ecgfrid das päpstliche Schreiben an, und Wilfried wurde gefangen gesetzt. Um 681 ging er in die Verbannung nach Sussex und missionierte die dortigen Heiden mit großem Erfolg. Das Kloster Selsey ist eine Gründung aus dieser Zeit. Wilfrid und Theodor versöhnten sich 686, und Wilfrid konnte auf Theodors Fürsprache zurück nach Northumbrien, wo Aldfrid inzwischen König war. Wilfrid wurde sofort Bischof von Hexham und später wieder Bischof der verkleinerten Diözese York. Als er jedoch wieder versuchte, die Diözesen zusammenzuführen, traf er auf Widerstand des Königs und Theodors. 704 reiste Wilfrid ein drittes Mal nach Rom, wieder um um seinen Bischofssitz zu kämpfen. Nach einer Reihe von Synoden und Entscheidungen erhielt er Hexham und Ripon, aber nicht York. Außerdem sollte er die Entscheidungsgewalt für die von ihm gegründeten Klöster behalten. Wilfrid akzeptierte dies, weil die Entscheidung des Papstes Johannes VI. respektiert wurde. Wilfried starb 709 oder 710 bei einem Besuch im Kloster Oundle, Northamptonshire. Als Datum werden der 24. April und der 12. Oktober angegeben. Er wurde in Ripon bestattet, seine Gebeine später nach York überführt. Die meisten Details aus Wilfrids Leben sind aus der Biografie bekannt, die sein Schüler Eddius einige Jahre nach seinem Tod auf Anordnung von Acca, dem Nachfolger Wilfrids, schrieb. Gedenktag katholisch: 24. April Gedenktag anglikanisch: 12. Oktober Kategorie:Abt Kategorie:Mann Kategorie:Engländer Kategorie:Missionar Kategorie:Klostergründer Kategorie:Römisch-katholischer Bischof (7. Jh.) Kategorie:Römisch-katholischer Bischof (8. Jh.) Kategorie:Erzbischof von York

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